Experiencing issues with your Ford Transit, particularly concerning the catalytic converter and related OBDII error codes? You’re not alone. Many Ford Transit owners encounter problems with their catalytic converters, especially on high-mileage vehicles or those that have been subjected to harsh conditions. This guide will walk you through common catalytic converter problems in Ford Transits, how to diagnose them using OBDII systems, and potential DIY solutions. We’ll also touch on related electrical issues that can sometimes be mistaken for or contribute to catalytic converter failure.
Identifying Catalytic Converter Problems in Your Ford Transit
One of the first signs of a failing catalytic converter is often an unusual noise. Owners frequently describe a rattling sound coming from underneath the vehicle, typically on the passenger side. This sound can be a mix of a loose heat shield rattle and a metallic vibration, sometimes likened to a “maraca” sound. This noise is often a key indicator that the internal components of your catalytic converter are breaking down.
Beyond the noise, another telltale sign is the illumination of your check engine light (MIL). When your Ford Transit’s onboard diagnostic system (OBDII) detects inefficiencies in the catalytic converter, it will often trigger a fault code.
How to Confirm a Catalytic Converter Issue:
- Listen for Rattling: Pay close attention to any unusual noises, especially a rattling sound from under the passenger side of your Transit.
- OBDII Code Scan: Use an OBDII scanner to check for diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs). Codes related to catalytic converter efficiency, such as P0420 (Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold Bank 1) or P0430 (Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold Bank 2), are strong indicators of a problem.
- Visual Inspection: While visual inspection from the undercarriage might not always reveal internal damage, check for any obvious physical damage to the catalytic converter housing or exhaust pipes.
If you suspect your catalytic converter is failing, consider if any recent events might have contributed to the issue. Thermal shock, for instance, caused by rapidly cooling a hot catalytic converter with cold water (like washing off mud after off-road driving), can damage the sensitive internal components.
Image: A view of the undercarriage of a Ford Transit, illustrating the typical location of the catalytic converter within the exhaust system.
DIY Catalytic Converter Replacement on a Ford Transit
For mechanically inclined Ford Transit owners, replacing the catalytic converter can be a DIY project. Bolt-on replacements, like the MagnaFlow OEM Grade Federal EPA Compliant Direct Fit Catalytic Converter, are available and designed for easier installation.
Is DIY Replacement Possible?
Yes, for those with experience in car repair, replacing a catalytic converter is achievable. If you’ve handled tasks like brake jobs, belt replacements, or exhaust system work, you likely have the skills.
Tips for DIY Catalytic Converter Replacement:
- Safety First: Ensure the vehicle is properly supported on jack stands or a lift. Work in a well-ventilated area and wear appropriate safety gear, including gloves and eye protection.
- Gather Tools: You’ll need basic hand tools, potentially including wrenches, sockets, and possibly a torque wrench. Check the specific requirements for your replacement converter.
- Penetrating Oil: Apply penetrating oil to the bolts and connections of the old catalytic converter well in advance to make removal easier.
- Follow Instructions: Carefully follow the instructions provided with your replacement catalytic converter.
- OBDII Reset: After replacement, you may need to clear any related OBDII codes using a scanner.
While DIY is possible, if you’re uncomfortable with automotive repair or lack the necessary tools, professional installation is recommended.
Addressing Charging System Issues in Ford Transits
The original post also mentions concerns about the Ford Transit’s charging system, with symptoms like flickering interior lights, fluctuating blower fan speed, dim headlights, and slow wipers. These symptoms can sometimes be mistakenly linked to other issues but are often indicative of problems within the charging system itself.
Symptoms of Charging System Problems:
- Flickering or Dim Lights: Interior and exterior lights that flicker or appear dimmer than usual.
- Fluctuating Blower Fan: Blower fan speed changing with engine RPMs.
- Slow or Weak Electrical Components: Slow wipers, power windows operating sluggishly.
- Battery Warning Light: Intermittent or persistent battery warning light on the dashboard.
Testing Your Ford Transit’s Charging System:
- Battery Voltage Test (Static): Use a multimeter to measure the battery voltage with the engine off. A healthy battery should read around 12.6 volts.
- Battery Voltage Test (Running): Start the engine and measure the voltage again. It should increase to around 13.5 to 14.5 volts, indicating the alternator is charging.
- Alternator Output Test: Use a multimeter or battery tester to measure the alternator’s output current while the engine is running and under load (e.g., with headlights and accessories on).
- Circuit and Wiring Inspection: Check for loose, corroded, or damaged wiring and connections in the charging system.
Image: An illustration showing the location of the battery within the Ford Transit engine compartment, highlighting access points for testing and maintenance.
Could Water Leakage Be a Factor?
While not directly related to catalytic converter failure in most cases, water intrusion in the engine compartment, especially if the Transit lacks the TSB 18-231 recommended waterproofing, could potentially affect electrical components and contribute to charging system malfunctions over time.
Decoding OBDII DTCs: P0024 and P065B
The original poster reported two specific DTCs: P0024 (B Camshaft Position Timing – Over-Advanced Bank 2) and P065B (Generator A Control Circuit Range/Performance). Understanding these codes is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
P0024 – B Camshaft Position Timing Over-Advanced (Bank 2):
This code indicates that the camshaft timing on bank 2 is more advanced than expected. Potential causes include:
- Faulty Camshaft Position Sensor: The sensor might be malfunctioning, providing incorrect readings.
- Oil Contamination or Low Oil Pressure: Dirty oil or low oil pressure can affect the variable valve timing (VVT) system.
- VVT Solenoid Issues: The solenoid controlling camshaft timing might be sticking or failing.
- Timing Chain Problems: In rare cases, a stretched timing chain could cause timing discrepancies.
Troubleshooting P0024:
- Check Engine Oil: Ensure the engine oil is clean and at the correct level. An oil change might sometimes resolve this issue if dirty oil is the culprit.
- Inspect Camshaft Position Sensor: Locate and inspect the camshaft position sensor for bank 2. Check wiring and connections. (Refer to a Ford Transit repair manual for specific location).
- Consider Sensor Replacement: If accessible and affordable, replacing the camshaft position sensor is a reasonable next step.
P065B – Generator A Control Circuit Range/Performance:
This code directly relates to the charging system and indicates a problem within the generator (alternator) control circuit. This code strongly reinforces the suspicion of charging system issues mentioned earlier.
Troubleshooting P065B:
- Charging System Tests: Perform the charging system tests outlined earlier (battery and alternator voltage, output).
- Wiring Inspection: Thoroughly inspect the wiring and connections associated with the alternator and voltage regulator. Look for damage, corrosion, or loose connections.
- Alternator Replacement: Given this code and the charging system symptoms, alternator replacement is a likely solution, especially in a high-mileage vehicle.
Utilizing a Workshop Service Manual (WSM):
For detailed troubleshooting, wiring diagrams, and component locations, a Ford Transit Workshop Service Manual is invaluable. While online versions are available, ensure you can access the information you need, and downloading capabilities can be beneficial for offline access.
Considering an Alternator Upgrade
Given the charging system concerns and the P065B code, upgrading from a 150A to a 250A alternator might be a worthwhile consideration, especially if your Ford Transit has significant electrical loads or if you plan to add more accessories in the future. However, ensure compatibility and proper installation if considering this upgrade.
By systematically diagnosing the symptoms, utilizing OBDII codes, and performing targeted tests, you can effectively troubleshoot catalytic converter and charging system issues in your Ford Transit and take appropriate steps for repair.
